Selenium 无头模式使用 AjaxElementLocatorFactory 的一些测试因 NoSuchElementException 而失败
2021-11-05
629
我有一些测试，如果我以无头模式运行它，并且如果在启动时运行我的测试，则某些测试会失败，并出现无法找到元素的异常。在这种情况下该怎么办
此外，窗口大小到底有多大重要吗？目前我有以下内容，但我猜如果他们通过希望这样的窗口大小无头为什么有些会失败无头
@BeforeEach
public void setUp() {
WebDriverManager.chromedriver().setup();
driver = new ChromeDriver(new ChromeOptions()
.addArguments("start-maximized")
.addArguments("--disable-popup-blocking")
.addArguments("--headless"));
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(15, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
loginToEnvironment();
}
在无头模式下某些元素未找到
元素初始化由PageFactory.init完成
public class BasePage {
public WebDriver driver;
protected Wait wait;
public BasePage(WebDriver driver) {
initializePage(driver);
this.wait = new Wait(driver);
}
final protected void initializePage(WebDriver driver) {
this.driver = driver;
PageFactory.initElements(new AjaxElementLocatorFactory(driver, 20), this);
}
}
注册测试
@Test
public void shouldSignUpSuccessfully() {
signUpModal.signUp((SignUp) credentials)
.getCountryModalInstance()
.chooseCountry(((SignUp) credentials).getCountry())
.clickOnSaveButton();
assertTrue(homePage.getMyAccountName().getText().isEmpty());
}
堆栈跟踪跟踪：
Timed out after 20 seconds. Unable to locate the element
org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: Timed out after 20 seconds. Unable to locate the element
at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.AjaxElementLocator.findElement(AjaxElementLocator.java:99)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.internal.LocatingElementHandler.invoke(LocatingElementHandler.java:38)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy17.getText(Unknown Source)
at com.opngo.nowos.selenium.SignUpServiceTest.shouldSignUpSuccessfully(SignUpServiceTest.java:50)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:628)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.invoke(ExecutableInvoker.java:117)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestMethod$7(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:184)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.invokeTestMethod(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:180)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:127)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.execute(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:68)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService$ExclusiveTask.compute(ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:171)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:115)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService$ExclusiveTask.compute(ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:171)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:115)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$5(NodeTestTask.java:139)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$7(NodeTestTask.java:125)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:135)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:123)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:122)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:80)
at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService$ExclusiveTask.compute(ForkJoinPoolHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:171)
at java.util.concurrent.RecursiveAction.exec(RecursiveAction.java:189)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:289)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.runTask(ForkJoinPool.java:1056)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1692)
at java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:175)
Caused by: org.openqa.selenium.NoSuchElementException: no such element: Unable to locate element: {"method":"css selector","selector":".user-name"}
(Session info: headless chrome=95.0.4638.69)
For documentation on this error, please visit: https://www.seleniumhq.org/exceptions/no_such_element.html
Build info: version: '3.141.59', revision: 'e82be7d358', time: '2018-11-14T08:17:03'
System info: host: 'MacBook-Pro-3.local', ip: 'fe80:0:0:0:869:afaa:89ee:2f42%en0', os.name: 'Mac OS X', os.arch: 'x86_64', os.version: '10.15.7', java.version: '1.8.0_302'
Driver info: org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver
Capabilities {acceptInsecureCerts: false, browserName: chrome, browserVersion: 95.0.4638.69, chrome: {chromedriverVersion: 95.0.4638.54 (d31a821ec901f..., userDataDir: /var/folders/fy/4f9mrb0n1fq...}, goog:chromeOptions: {debuggerAddress: localhost:62396}, javascriptEnabled: true, networkConnectionEnabled: false, pageLoadStrategy: normal, platform: MAC, platformName: MAC, proxy: Proxy(), setWindowRect: true, strictFileInteractability: false, timeouts: {implicit: 0, pageLoad: 300000, script: 30000}, unhandledPromptBehavior: dismiss and notify, webauthn:extension:credBlob: true, webauthn:extension:largeBlob: true, webauthn:virtualAuthenticators: true}
Session ID: 968cb69072e7bbe6a92b2822d8ad26ee
*** Element info: {Using=css selector, value=.user-name}
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.createException(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:187)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:122)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.http.W3CHttpResponseCodec.decode(W3CHttpResponseCodec.java:49)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.HttpCommandExecutor.execute(HttpCommandExecutor.java:158)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.service.DriverCommandExecutor.execute(DriverCommandExecutor.java:83)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.execute(RemoteWebDriver.java:552)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:323)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElementByCssSelector(RemoteWebDriver.java:420)
at org.openqa.selenium.By$ByCssSelector.findElement(By.java:431)
at org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver.findElement(RemoteWebDriver.java:315)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.DefaultElementLocator.findElement(DefaultElementLocator.java:69)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.AjaxElementLocator.access$001(AjaxElementLocator.java:39)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.AjaxElementLocator$SlowLoadingElement.isLoaded(AjaxElementLocator.java:165)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.ui.SlowLoadableComponent.get(SlowLoadableComponent.java:72)
at org.openqa.selenium.support.pagefactory.AjaxElementLocator.findElement(AjaxElementLocator.java:95)
... 48 more
2个回答
对于此 css 选择器：
.user-name
请在
dev tools
(Google chrome) 中检查我们是否在
HTML DOM
中具有
unique
条目。
您应该检查的 css：
.user-name
检查步骤：
在 Chrome 中按 F12
-> 转到
element
部分 -> 执行
CTRL + F
->然后粘贴
css
并查看您想要的
元素
是否以
1/1
匹配节点
突出显示
。
如果我们有 1/1 匹配节点，请确保：
- 此 Web 元素不在 iframe 下。
- 此 Web 元素不在影子根下。
- 您不应该位于 selenium 启动的新选项卡/窗口中。
如果它属于上述任何类别，您必须处理该特定场景。
cruisepandey
2021-11-05
AjaxElementLocatorFactory
AjaxElementLocatorFactory 是 Page Factory 模式中的一个延迟加载概念，用于仅在 WebElement 用于任何操作时才识别它们，即，可以在 AjaxElementLocatorFactory 的帮助下将 WebElement 的超时分配给 Object 页面类。
因此，理想情况下，您需要删除 implicitlyWait ，如下所示：
Warning : Do not mix implicit and explicit waits. Doing so can cause unpredictable wait times. For example, setting an implicit wait of 10 seconds and an explicit wait of 15 seconds could cause a timeout to occur after 20 seconds.
NoSuchElementException
表示未找到元素。
要找到元素，您可以使用以下任一方法 定位器策略 ：
-
使用
css_selector：div.header-menu-item > div.header-menu-name span.user-name -
使用
xpath：//div[@class='header-menu-item']/div[@class='header-menu-item']//span[@class='user-name']
undetected Selenium
2021-11-05