@viewChild 不起作用 - 无法读取未定义的属性 nativeElement
我试图访问一个原生元素,以便在单击另一个元素时聚焦于它(非常类似于 html 属性“for” - for 不能用于这种类型的元素。
但是我收到了错误:
TypeError: Cannot read property 'nativeElement' of undefined
我尝试在
ngAfterViewInit()
中 console.log 原生元素,以便加载它,但它仍然会引发错误。
我还在点击事件处理程序中访问原生元素,以便在单击另一个元素时聚焦该元素 - 这可能是造成混乱的原因,因为它在视图加载之前进行编译?
例如:
ngAfterViewInit() {
console.log(this.keywordsInput.nativeElement); // throws an error
}
focusKeywordsInput(){
this.keywordsInput.nativeElement.focus();
}
完整代码:
html 模板的相关部分是使用:
<div id="keywords-button" class="form-group" (click)="focusKeywordsInput()">
<input formControlName="keywords" id="keywords-input" placeholder="KEYWORDS (optional)"/>
<div class="form-control-icon" id="keywords-icon"></div>
</div>
component.ts:
import { Component, OnInit, AfterViewInit, ViewChild, ElementRef } from '@angular/core';
import { REACTIVE_FORM_DIRECTIVES,
FormGroup,
FormBuilder,
Validators,
ControlValueAccessor
} from '@angular/forms';
import { NumberPickerComponent } from './number-picker.component';
import { DistanceUnitsComponent } from './distance-units.component';
import { MapDemoComponent } from '../shared/map-demo.component';
import { AreaComponent } from './area-picker.component';
import { GoComponent } from './go.component';
import { HighlightDirective } from '../highlight.directive';
@Component({
selector: 'find-form',
templateUrl: 'app/find-page/find-form.component.html',
styleUrls: ['app/find-page/find-form.component.css'],
directives: [REACTIVE_FORM_DIRECTIVES,
NumberPickerComponent,
DistanceUnitsComponent,
MapDemoComponent,
AreaComponent,
GoComponent]
})
export class FindFormComponent implements OnInit, AfterViewInit {
findForm: FormGroup;
submitted: boolean; // keep track on whether form is submitted
events: any[] = []; // use later to display form changes
@ViewChild('keywords-input') keywordsInput;
//comment
constructor(private formBuilder: FormBuilder, el: ElementRef) {}
ngOnInit() {
this.findForm = this.formBuilder.group({
firstname: ['', [ Validators.required, Validators.minLength(5) ] ],
lastname: ['', Validators.required],
keywords: [],
area: ['', Validators.required],
address: this.formBuilder.group({
street: [],
zip: [],
city: []
})
});
this.findForm.valueChanges.subscribe(data => console.log('form changes', data));
}
ngAfterViewInit() {
console.log(this.keywordsInput.nativeElement); // throws an error
}
focusKeywordsInput(){
this.keywordsInput.nativeElement.focus();
}
save(isValid: boolean) {
this.submitted = true;
// check if model is valid
// if valid, call API to save customer
console.log(isValid);
}
}
完整 html 模板(可能不相关):
<form class="text-uppercase" [formGroup]="findForm" (ngSubmit)="save(findForm.value, findForm.valid)">
<div class="row is-heading">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 input-group">
<h2 class="search-filter-heading heading m-x-auto">find vegan</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row has-error-text">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 input-group btn-group" style="height:64px;">
<div style="position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 100%;">
<multiselect #multiselect></multiselect>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row error-text" [style.display]="multiselect.selectedCategories.length < 1 && submitted ? 'block' : 'none'">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 form-group input-group btn-group">
<small>Please select at least 1 category.</small>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row is-heading">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 input-group">
<h2 class="search-filter-heading heading m-x-auto">within</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 input-group btn-group" style="height:64px;">
<div style="position: relative; display: inline-block;">
<number-picker #numberPicker></number-picker>
</div>
<distance-units></distance-units>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row is-heading">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 input-group">
<h2 class="search-filter-heading heading m-x-auto">of</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row has-error-text">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 input-group btn-group" style="height:64px;">
<div style="position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 100%;">
<my-area></my-area>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row error-text" [style.display]="multiselect.selectedCategories.length < 1 && submitted ? 'block' : 'none'">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 form-group input-group btn-group">
<small [hidden]="findForm.controls.firstname.valid || (findForm.controls.firstname.pristine && !submitted)">Please enter an area.</small>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row is-heading">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 input-group">
<h2 class="search-filter-heading heading m-x-auto">keywords</h2>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row form-group">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 input-group btn-group" style="height:64px;">
<div style="position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 100%;">
<div id="keywords-button" class="form-group" (click)="focusKeywordsInput()">
<input formControlName="keywords" id="keywords-input" placeholder="KEYWORDS (optional)"/>
<div class="form-control-icon" id="keywords-icon"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-sm-8 offset-sm-2 col-md-6 offset-md-3 col-lg-4 offset-lg-4 input-group btn-group" style="height:64px;">
<div style="position: relative; display: inline-block; width: 100%;">
<go></go>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
@ViewChild('keywords-input') keywordsInput;
与
id="keywords-input"
不匹配>
id="keywords-input"
应改为模板变量:
#keywordsInput
请注意,应使用驼峰式大小写,因为模板引用名称中不允许使用
-
。
@ViewChild()
支持将模板变量名称作为字符串:
@ViewChild('keywordsInput') keywordsInput;
或组件或指令类型:
@ViewChild(MyKeywordsInputComponent) keywordsInput;
另请参阅 https://stackoverflow.com/a/35209681/217408
提示:
在调用
ngAfterViewInit()
之前未设置
keywordsInput
如果目标元素位于隐藏元素内,您也会收到此错误。如果这是您的 HTML:
<div *ngIf="false">
<span #sp>Hello World</span>
</div>
您的
@ViewChild('sp') sp
将未定义。
解决方案
在这种情况下,请不要使用
*ngIf
。
而是使用类来显示/隐藏隐藏的元素。
<div [class.show]="shouldShow">...</div>
接受的答案在所有方面都是正确的,在我无法在我的某个应用组件中获得 Google 地图渲染后,我偶然发现了这个线程。
现在,如果您使用的是较新的 angular 版本,即 angular 7+,那么您将必须处理以下 ViewChild 声明,即
@ViewChild(selector: string | Function | Type<any>, opts: {
read?: any;
static: boolean;
})
现在,有趣的部分是静态值,根据定义,它表示
- static - True 在运行变更检测之前解析查询结果
现在为了渲染地图,我使用了以下内容,
@ViewChild('map', { static: true }) mapElement: any;
map: google.maps.Map;